Alcohol extract of root and root bark of Toddalia asiatica alleviates CIA in rats through anti-inflammatory and proapoptotic effects / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effect of alcohol extract of root and root bark of Toddalia asiatica(TAAE) on collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) in rats through phosphatidylinoinosidine-3 kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway. To be specific, CIA was induced in rats, and then the rats were treated(oral, daily) with TAAE and Tripterygium Glycoside Tablets(TGT), respectively. The swelling degree of the hind leg joints was scored weekly. After 35 days of administration, the histopathological changes were observed based on hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was employed to detect the levels of cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin(IL)-6)]. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL) staining was performed to detect the apoptosis of synoviocytes in rats. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2)-associated X(Bax), Bcl-2, and caspase-3 and pathway-related proteins phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K), phosphorylated(p)-PI3K, protein kinase B(Akt), and p-Akt. RT-qPCR was conducted to examine the mRNA levels of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β and pathway-related proteins PI3K, p-PI3K, Akt, and p-Akt. TAAE can alleviate the joint swelling in CIA rats, reduce serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, improve synovial histopathological changes, promote apoptosis of synoviocytes, and inhibit synovial inflammation. In addition, RT-qPCR and Western blot results showed that TAAE up-regulated the level of Bax, down-regulated the level of Bcl-2, and activated caspase-3 to promote apoptosis in synoviocytes. TAAE effectively down-regulated the protein levels of p-PI3K and p-Akt. In this study, TAAE shows therapeutic effect on CIA in rats and reduces the inflammation. The mechanism is that it suppresses PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and promotes synoviocyte apoptosis. Overall, this study provides a new clue for the research on the anti-inflammatory mechanism of TAAE and lays a theoretical basis for the better clinical application of TAAE in the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

Panscleritis After Blunt Ocular Trauma in A Child with Epididymitis / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

We reported an 8-year-old boy with panscleritis in left eye and right epididymitis after falling on the ground. Etiologic diagnosis played a key role in this case. Systemic examinations ruled out systemic autoimmune diseases, tumors, and infections as the cause of scleritis and suggested that the disease was caused by a local delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) induced by ocular trauma and was non-infectious. Still, the right epididymitis was infectious. Both conditions were treated successfully using steroids and antibiotics, respectively. Thus, early etiologic diagnosis and reasonable treatment are crucial to prevent visual loss.

Investigation of the mode of pharmacist participating in multi-disciplinary diagnosis and treatment and effect evaluation / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the mode of pharmacists’ participation in multi-disciplinary diagnosis and treatment （MDT）， as well as the effects of pharmacists’ participation. METHODS Retrieved from Cochrane Library， PubMed， Embase， CNKI， CBM and Wanfang database， experimental studies and observational studies on the effects of MDT with pharmacists on clinical outcomes of patients were collected. After data extraction and quality evaluation， the results of included studies were analyzed descriptively. RESULTS A total of 10 studies were included， among which 3 were randomized controlled trials （RCT）， 2 were non-RCT， 4 were cohort and 1 was case-control study； there were 2 422 patients in total. In terms of effectiveness， tumor progression-free survival， glycosylated hemoglobin， re-admission rate and length of stay and other indexes were all improved significantly after pharmacists participated in MDT. In terms of safety， the incidence of major bleeding events was significantly decreased after pharmacists participated in MDT. In terms of economy， hospitalization costs and total outpatient expenses were improved significantly after pharmacists participated in MDT， but medical cost was not improved significantly. In terms of humanistic outcomes， there was controversy over the conclusion of patient compliance after pharmacists participated in MDT. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacists， based on their own pharmaceutical care skills and methods， actively participate in MDT throughout the process， improving the clinical outcomes of patients and enhancing the safety of medication. There are still controversies regarding economic and humanistic outcomes.

Effect of intraoperative regional cerebral oxygen saturation monitoring on perioperative neurocognitive disorders in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To systematically review and evaluate the effect of intraoperative regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO 2) monitoring on perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PNDs) in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Methods:China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, China Biomedical Literature Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to October 2022 for randomized controlled trials involving the effects of intraoperative rSO 2 monitoring on PND in elderly patients underwent non-cardiac surgery. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of PND (1-7 days after surgery), and secondary outcome measures were intraoperative minimum rSO 2 (rSO 2min), intraoperative mean rSO 2 (rSO 2mean), maximum percentage of decrease (rSO 2% max) in rSO 2 from baseline (rSO 2baseline), and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale was used to evaluate the quality of references that met the inclusion criteria, and data were extracted for meta-analysis using RevMan5.4 software. Results:Thirteen randomized controlled trials were enrolled, involving 1 134 patients with 557 patients in experimental group (anesthesia under rSO 2 monitoring) and 577 patients in control group. The results of meta-analysis showed that the incidence of PND was significantly lower in experimental group than in control group ( RR=0.32, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 0.25-0.41, P<0.001), the intraoperative rSO 2min was significantly higher in experimental group than in control group ( MD=7.46, 95% CI 5.05-9.86, P<0.001), and the intraoperative rSO 2mean was significantly higher in experimental group than in control group ( MD=5.49, 95% CI 3.97-7.02, P<0.001), the intraoperative rSO 2% max was significantly lower in experimental group than in control group ( MD=-6.55, 95% CI-9.03--4.07, P<0.001), and the postoperative Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale score was significantly higher in experimental group than in control group ( MD=1.37, 95% CI 0.74-1.99, P<0.001). Conclusions:Intraoperative application of rSO 2 monitoring can reduce the occurrence of PND in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.

Postoperative health-related quality of life in children with congenital heart disease: a literature review / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most frequent congenital malformation in children.With the improvement of the diagnosis and treatment of CHD, most children can survive to adulthood without suffering cardiovascular diseases.However, relevant research suggests that health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of some children with CHD after surgery still differs from that of healthy children of the same age.Based on a brief review of the concept of HRQOL, effective evaluation tools and the research status at home and abroad, disputes among relevant research conclusions in different countries or regions were discussed in this article.The influence of the child, family and diagnosis and treatment on postoperative HRQOL of children with CHD was analyzed.Approaches and response plans were put forward to improve postoperative HRQOL.In addition, the limitations of past research were pointed out, and suggestions were made on future research methods, tools and directions in this field.It′s hoped that this study can provide valuable information for CHD diagnosis and treatment and reference for follow-up research.

Clinical evaluation of malnutrition in maintenance hemodialysis patients / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Objective:To study the evaluation method of protein energy wasting (PEW) in maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods:A total of 166 maintenance hemodialysis patients were selected. Their medical records, physical indicators, as well as NS2002, PG-SGA, and MUST nutrition scale scores were also collected. The patients were divided into PEW and non-PEW groups according to whether PEW occurred or not, and the differences in each index between the two groups were compared to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of each index and nutrition score scale results on the occurrence of PEW.Results:The differences in body mass, body mass index(BMI), body surface area, abdominal circumference, triceps skinfold thickness, upper arm circumference, and calf circumference between the PEW and non-PEW groups were statistically significant(all P<0.05). The diagnostic efficacy of a single physical index or nutrition score for PEW was limited. A simplified formula for the PEW risk was obtained by logistic model analysis. The formula had a sensitivity of 67.7% and a specificity of 94.4% for the diagnosis of PEW, as analyzed by the subject's working characteristic curve. Conclusions:Four indicators, including abdominal circumference, primary hand grip strength, BMI, and upper arm circumference, can be combined to comprehensively assess the presence of PEW to improve the diagnostic efficacy of the occurrence of malnutrition in maintenance hemodialysis patients.

Fluorescence imaging in hepatocellular carcinoma patients by using a glypican 3-specific probe / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective:To study the glypican 3 (GPC3) fluorescent probe imagings in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and to determine its prognostic value in HCC patients.Methods:The data of 87 patients who were treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from January 2019 to August 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 75 males and 12 females, with the age of (56.1±11.9) years. The expressions of GPC3 were measured by immunohistochemistry and by the fluorescent probe. The results obtained by these two tests were compared. Patients were followed up for recurrence after hepatectomy. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to analyze factors influencing recurrence-free survival.Results:Detection of the GPC3 expression by GPC3 fluorescence probe was consistent with the results obtained by immunohistochemical studies ( Kappa=0.84, P<0.001). The positive rates of GPC3 fluorescent probe was 79.3%(69/87), compared with 80.4%(70/87) by immunohistochemistry studies, with no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). The patients were then divided into the low differentiation group ( n=30) and the middle high differentiation group ( n=57) by the degrees of tumor differentiation. The fluorescence intensity in the low differentiation group was 134.4(128.0, 144.7) a. u. which was significantly different from the middle high differentiation group of 84.8(0, 108.5)a.u. ( Z=-7.52, P<0.001). The median fluorescence intensity of 87 patients with HCC was 108.6 a. u.. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that patients with a GPC3 fluorescence intensity ≥108.6 a. u. ( HR=2.07, 95% CI: 1.21-3.53, P=0.008) had a significant increased risk of recurrence after hepatectomy. Conclusion:The expressions of GPC3 in HCC were consistent between the studies by using either a GPC3 specific fluorescent probe or immunohistochemistry studies. A GPC3 fluorescence intensity ≥108.6 a. u. was a risk factor of recurrence after hepatectomy in patients with HCC.

Analysis of the influencing factors of myopia among primary and middle school students in Mengzi city in 2019 / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To explore the current situation of myopia among children and adolescents in Mengzi city and the possible influencing factors of myopia.METHODS: A multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to select students in 7 schools(2 primary schools, 2 junior high schools, 2 high schools, and 1 vocational high school)in Mengzi city, Yunnan Province in October 2019. A total of 1 837 students were selected for questionnaire surveys, and examination of distance visual acuity and noncycloplegic autorefraction. There were 1 622 valid questionnaires were finally collected after checking the integrity and rationality of the questionnaires. RESULTS: The prevalence of myopia among primary and secondary students in Mengzi city in 2019 was 61.34%. The prevalence of myopia in girls(71.36%)was higher than that in boys(50.45%), and the prevalence of myopia in Han nationality(70.19%)was higher than that in ethnic minorities(57.70%). With the grade growth, the prevalence of myopia showed an upward trend. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of myopia were female(<i>OR</i>=2.308), Han nationality(<i>OR</i>=1.712), higher learning stage(junior high school: <i>OR</i>=1.579, high school: <i>OR</i>=5.538), the time of doing homework daily in the past 1wk(1-<2h: <i>OR</i>=1.456, 2-<3h: <i>OR</i>=1.514, ≥3h: <i>OR</i>=1.901), occasionally or never keep your eyes more than one foot away from a book while reading and writing(<i>OR</i>=1.741), insufficient sleep(<i>OR</i>=1.585), parental myopia(<i>OR</i>=2.191).CONCLUSION:The prevalence of myopia among primary and middle school students in Mengzi city is at a relatively high level. Female, Han nationality, higher learning stage, the time of doing homework daily in the past 1wk≥1h, occasionally or never keep your eyes more than one foot away from a book while reading and writing, insufficient sleep and parental myopia are all risk factors that can cause myopia.

Progress in non-pharmacological treatment of heart failure in children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Although the conventional treatment of heart failure is based on pharmacotherapy, for some children, non-pharmacological treatment can further improve heart function, reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events, improve the quality of life and reduce mortality.Cardiac resynchronization therapy, implantable cardioverter defibrillator, mechanical circulatory support, and heart transplantation expand the thinking and strategies for the treatment of heart failure in children.

Influencing factors of protein energy wasting in maintenance hemodialysis patients / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Objective:To explore the main risk factors of protein energy expenditure (PEW) in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients.Methods:According to diagnostic criteria, 166 patients with MHD were divided into PEW group and control group. The general clinical data, physical indexes, and physical and chemical analysis results of all patients was collected, and the differences in indexes between the two groups of patients were compared. Logistic analysis was used to find the risk factors of MHD combined with PEW.Results:There were statistically significant differences in blood pressure, protein intake, vitamin intake, and uric acid, creatinine, blood calcium levels between the PEW group and the control group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that blood pressure, daily sleep time, whether to take vitamins, body mass index (BMI), creatinine and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were the risk factors of MHD combined with PEW. Conclusions:In clinical practice, more attention should be paid to controlling blood pressure, improving sleep, and supplementing vitamins in patients with MHD.

Prevalence and correlation of vitamin D deficiency and high blood pressure in primary and middle school students in Chongqing / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the status of vitamin D deficiency and high blood pressure in primary and middle school students aged 7 to 17 years old in Chongqing, and to explore the correlation between vitamin D deficiency and high blood pressure in children and adolescents.@*Methods@#From 2016 to 2017, a total of 1 360 primary and middle school students, aged 7 to 17 years old, were selected from three rural and three urban sites in Chongqing using multistage stratified random sampling. This study carried out a questionnaire survey, and participants underwent a physical examination which included blood pressure and serum vitamin D assessments.@*Results@#The deficiency and insufficiency rates of vitamin D were 9.71%, and 62.57%, respectively. The high blood pressure rate was 25.88%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age, economic status, waist circumference, BMI classification, and family history of hypertension, the risk of hypertension was 1.42 times that of the normal group (P<0.05), and the risk of high systolic blood pressure was 1.59 times that of the normal group (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The deficiency and insufficiency rate of vitamin D among children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 years old in Chongqing was high, and the phenomenon of high blood pressure was prominent. Students with vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were more likely to have high blood pressure.

A study on the relationship between biomarkers and left ventricular myocardial native T 1 value in patients with lone atrial fibrillation / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To investigate the relationship between serum procollagen Ⅲ amino terminal peptide (PIIINP), collagen I carboxyl terminal cross-linking peptide (CTXI), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) T 1 mapping value in patients with lone atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods:Fifty-five patients with lone AF in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from July 2017 to June 2018 were prospectively enrolled. Another 20 healthy volunteers were examined at the same time to provide normal reference range. All patients completed PIIINP, CTXI, hs-CRP and CMR examination within one week. CMR examination including cine, pre-contrast T 1 mapping, and late gadolinium enhancement sequences. We used t test, Mann-Whitney U test or chi square test to compare the difference of the above indexes between AF patients and the control group. Spearman correlation analysis was used to determine the associations between left ventricular native T 1 value and blood biomarker in AF patients. Results:All the patients were paroxysmal AF with an average age of (48±10) years, of which 46 (83.6%) were male. The PIIINP, CTXI, hs-CRP, left ventricular native T 1 value of AF patients were 5.83 (3.52, 12.40) ng/ml, 4.63 (3.31, 6.82) μg/ml, 3.41 (1.72, 6.61) mg/L and (1 261±23) ms, respectively, which all significant higher than those in healthy subjects (all P<0.05). The native T 1 value of left ventricular myocardium was positively correlated with PIIINP ( r=0.492, P<0.05) and hs-CRP ( r=0.516, P<0.05), but not with CTXI ( r=0.021, P>0.05). Conclusions:The PIIINP, CTXI and hs-CRP increased in patients with lone AF, PIIINP and hs-CRP were correlated with elevated native T 1 value of left ventricular myocardium.

The relationship between vulnerability of coronary atherosclerotic plaque and downstream myocardial perfusion and myocardial strain in mice / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To investigate the relationship between vulnerability of mouse coronary artery plaque and downstream myocardial perfusion and myocardial strain.Methods:Thirteen ApoE knockout mice with stable coronary plaques (stable plaque group)and 13 ApoE knockout mice with vulnerable coronary plaques(vulnerable plaque group) were selected as the experimental group, and 15 sex- and age-matched C57BL/6 mice with the same genetic background as ApoE mice were chosed as the control group. Myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) was carried out to quantify regional myocardial perfusion at rest and during adenosine stress using a Vevo 2100 system (Visual sonics). Replenishment curves of myocardial contrast were obtained, and rates of signal rise (β) and plateau intensity (A) were recorded. MBF was estimated by the product of A and β. Speckle tracking imaging combined with adenosine stress test was used to evaluate the longitudinal strain of left ventricular myocardium in mice. The vulnerability of the plaque was assessed by histopathology in serial tissue sections of proximal and middle left coronary artery according to the previously reported method.Results:There were no significant differences in body weight, heart rate, left ventricular end diastolic volume, left ventricular end systolic volume, left ventricular mass and ejection fraction among the three groups( P>0.05). The levels of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein in stable plaque group and vulnerable plaque group were significantly increased when compared with those in control group (all P<0.05). The pathological results showed that the coronary luminal stenosis rates in the stable plaque group and the vulnerable plaque group were (74.3±4.9)% and (75.5±7.1)% respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups( P>0.05). MBF of the middle anterior septum and left ventricular posterior wall in the experimental groups were significantly decreased when compared with that in the control group both in the resting status and during adenosine stress(all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the MCE parameters between the stable plaque group and the vulnerable plaque group at rest( P>0.05). However, during adenosine stress, MBF of the vulnerable plaque group was decreased more significantly than that of the stable plaque group ( P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the values of longitudinal strain of the left ventricle in both experimental groups were decreased during resting status, without statistical significance (all P>0.05), but decreased significantly during adenosine stress and with more decrease in the vulnerable plaque group (all P<0.05). Conclusions:For the same degree of coronary artery stenosis in mice, the coronary artery vulnerable plaque group has less downstream myocardial perfusion and myocardial strain than the stable plaque group during adenosine stress. That is, the plaque vulnerability can affect the downstream myocardial perfusion and myocardial strain in the mouse model.

Vitamin A nutritional status and associated factors among primary and middle school students in Chongqing / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To examine the vitamin A status of children and adolescents aged between 6-17 years old in Chongqing, and to analyze the influencing factors of vitamin A deficiency, providing a scientific basis for nutritional improvement measures.@*Methods@#From 2016 to 2017, a multi-stage random sampling method was used to select approximately 1 508 children and adolescents aged between 6-17 years old from three rural and three urban locations in Chongqing. This study carried out a questionnaire survey and laboratory testing, and the statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0.@*Results@#The mean vitamin A level was (1.45±0.42)μmol/L, while the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency and the subclinical deficiency rate were 0.46% and 13.46%, respectively. The binary Logistic regression analysis revealed that the following factors were associated with a lower risk of vitamin A deficiency:overweight and obese students(OR=0.51); students whose mothers had a high school education or above(OR=0.35, P=0.01); students from big cities; and higher quartile albumin levels (Q 3 and Q 4). Students who did not eat meat each day(OR=2.05), students aged 6-8 years old, and students with C-reactive protein in the third (OR=2.12) and fourth (OR=4.54) higher quartiles were at a higher risk of vitamin A deficiency.@*Conclusion@#The subclinical vitamin A deficiency rate was relatively high among children aged 6-17 years old in Chongqing. Measures including nutritional education, reasonable diets, and nutritionally fortified food or fortifiers should be used when necessary.

Multi-Omics and Its Clinical Application in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Progress and Future Opportunities / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer related death worldwide. China covers over half of cases, leading HCC to be a vital threaten to public health. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatments, high recurrence rate remains a major obstacle in HCC management. Multi-omics currently facilitates surveillance, precise diagnosis, and personalized treatment decision making in clinical setting. Non-invasive radiomics utilizes preoperative radiological imaging to reflect subtle pixel-level pattern changes that correlate to specific clinical outcomes. Radiomics has been widely used in histopathological diagnosis prediction, treatment response evaluation, and prognosis prediction. High-throughput sequencing and gene expression profiling enabled genomics and proteomics to identify distinct transcriptomic subclasses and recurrent genetic alterations in HCC, which would reveal the complex multistep process of the pathophysiology. The accumulation of big medical data and the development of artificial intelligence techniques are providing new insights for our better understanding of the mechanism of HCC via multi-omics, and show potential to convert surgical/intervention treatment into an antitumorigenic one, which would greatly advance precision medicine in HCC management.

Effect of 17β-estradiol on the proliferation of condylar chondrocytes / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) on the regulation of the proliferation of condylar chondrocytes and provide a preliminary discussion on the role of phosphorylate-mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) in this regulatory process.@*METHODS@#Condylar chondrocytes were isolated from 6-week-old female rats for primary culture. Drug treatment with different concentrations of E2 and/or rapamycin (RAPA) was carried out on second-generation cells. Cell Counting Kit 8 was used to measure the cell viability of condylar chondrocytes after culture for 24, 48, or 72 h, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied to detect the relative gene expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), estrogen receptor beta (ERβ), collagen type Ⅱ (COLⅡ), autophagy-related gene 6 (Beclin-1), and autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG-5). Western blot was employed to determine the relative protein expression of ERα, ERβ, Beclin-1, lipid-modified light chain 3B (LC3-Ⅱ), and p-mTOR.@*RESULTS@#E2 could significantly promote the proliferation of chondrocytes cultured @*CONCLUSIONS@#At a concentration of 10

Research Advances on the Senescence Mechanism of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome--Review / 中国实验血液学杂志

Emerging data have demonstrated that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play important roles in the progression of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Experiments in vitro have showed that MSCs derived from MDS patients (MDS-MSC) exhibit the biological characteristics of cell senescence. Although the underlying mechanisms that regulate cell senescence need to be further elucidated, existing researches indicate that the mechanisms of MDS-MSC senescence have significant heterogeneity. Depth understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in cell senescence of MDS-MSC are crucial to explore the potential therapeutic target of MDS. Therefore, this review summarizes research advances related with MSC senescence, such as MDS-MSC intrinsic changes in telomere shortening, DNA methylation status, oxidative stress and signal pathways regulating cell senescence in recent years.

Application of 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT and ultrasonography in preoperative localization of secondary hyperparathyroidism / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Objective:To evaluate the value of 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT and ultrasonography in preoperative localization of secondary hyperpa-rathyroidism. Methods:A retrospective analysis of 85 patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism due to uremia who underwent total parathyroidectomy or total parathyroidectomy + autologous transplantation was performed. All patients underwent color Doppler ultrasound and SPECT/CT before operation. Taking the surgical pathological results as the gold standard, the significance of SPECT/CT examination and color Doppler ultrasound examination for the preoperative localization of parathyroid nodules was analyzed.Results:The sensitivity of color Doppler ultrasound and SPECT/CT for diagnosing ectopic parathyroid nodule were 70.9% and 66.9%, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (χ 2=2.773, P=0.428). The combined of color Doppler ultrasound and SPECT/CT was superior to the single application of color Doppler ultrasound (χ 2=5.161, P=0.023) and SPECT/CT (χ 2=3.735, P=0.041) for diagnosing ectopic parathyroid nodules. Conclusions:For SHPT patients who require parathyroidectomy, the combined application of ultrasound and SPECT/CT before surgery can improve the sensitivity and specificity of the detection of parathyroid nodules, thereby increasing the success rate of surgery.

Clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of human babesiosis: a review / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Babesiosis is an important tick-transmitted zoonosis caused by hematotropic parasites of the genus Babesia, zoonosis disease, which is widely distributed across the world. There are 12 species of Babesia causing human diseases, including B. microti, B. divergens, B. venatorum and B. duncani. The clinical symptoms of human Babesia infections mainly include fever, headache, chills, myalgia and fatigue, and severe infections may cause death. The diagnosis of babesiosis mainly depends on laboratory testing combined with clinical manifestations and epidemiological surveys, and the diagnostic techniques mainly include microscopic examinations of the blood smears, serological tests and molecular biological assays. Currently, azithromycin-atova-quone or clindamycin-quinine combinations are common treatments for babesiosis. This review summarizes the clinical features following human infections with various species of Babesia, the diagnostic techniques and diagnostic criteria of babesiosis and the currently available treatments for babesiosis.

Establishment of a New Evaluation Method for Identification of Drug Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus Based on Rapid Identification System of Microorganisms / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To explore the feasibility of the rapid identification system(MALDI-Biotyper System) of microorganisms for rapid identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and clinical isolation of Staphylococcus aureus. Method::Identification quality control and clinical isolation were conducted for drug resistance of S. aureus by microbial rapid identification system and broth dilution method. The scores of microbial rapid identification system were compared with the MIC value of broth dilution method. The drug resistance of P. aeruginosa was simultaneously identified to determine the accuracy and applicability of the rapid identification system of microorganisms. Result::The scores of the microbial rapid identification system showed that the score of sensitive quality control strain S. aureus was higher than 2.000, and the that of resistant strain of methicillin-resistant S. aureus(methicillin-resistant S. aureus, MRSA)was between 1.700 and 2.000.The score of clinically isolated S. aureus was between 1.700 and 2.000, which suggested the drug resistance and was consistent with the MIC value of the broth dilution method. At the same time, the systemic identification value of the P. aeruginosa, which is independent of the quality control sensitive strain, was greater than 2.000, showing sensitivity and it was a sensitive strain itself, which was consistent with the results. Conclusion::The microbial rapid identification system scoring method can be used for the rapid identification of the drug resistance of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa.